Saturday, 20 August 2011

My Reflective Synopsis of Digital Technologies

Reflective Synopsis of Digital Technologies

This course has been a difficult subject for me. Not because I find the subject content difficult or boring but because I find it TOO interesting, Limiting the time spent on researching, developing and analysing technological tools has been quite challenging. My enthusiasm for digital learning and its potential in the 21st century learning environments has resulted in my putting more time into developing usable tools for my future learning than simply focusing on the course requirements.
With this in mind, the main technological tool I have developed for my future use is the  LiveBinder. Here I have placed links to any websites that are currently, have been in the past or may in the future be relevant to my studies.

This subject has been a journey of discovery for me. Not only have I learnt new ways to create and use technological tools but I have discovered that I am an obsessive personality who has a passion for ICTs.

The fact that reflection is part of this assessment will benefit me as it is the “thoughtful consideration of one’s own experiences while applying knowledge to practice". (Bobis, 2010).  Considering this quote, I have approached this assessment  with thoughtful consideration of the usefulness of the tools and knowledge I have developed over the past six weeks.

So come on my journey as I reflect, consider, explore, experiment, develop, create, facilitate, practice, demonstrate, apply and learn about digital technologies in the twenty first century learning environment.
This Search Story was created by Lynette Bidgood using http://www.youtube.com/user/SearchStories?blend=1&ob=5

Why digital technology?   
Information and communication technology (ICT) competence fits under the sub heading “General capabilities” in the Australian Curriculum.

With the Government recognising the importance for students to develop ICT skills that are transferable from home to school to the workforce, there is a greater emphasis on the use of ICT within the learning environment. Teaching students to investigate with, create with, communicate with and operate ICTs will fit under all learning areas in the soon to be implemented curriculum. Teachers will also be tasked with teaching appropriate ethical and social protocols to ensure students safety. (Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority, 2010)

The use of  professionally developed ICTs will enhance the pedagogical strategies that encourage and support higher order thinking within the learning environment.  ICT competence also compliments the other general capabilities of ethical behaviour, personal and social competence and critical and creative thinking as they link across the learning areas of English, Maths, Science and History. (Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority, 2010)

Ethical, legal and safe behaviour

Cybersafety is often reported on the television and stories of what can go wrong is discussed freely, but despite this, the occurrences of unsafe Internet practices continue. A Google search using the words 'ethical, legal and safe Internet behaviour' will produce over twelve million responses. Sites such as Cybersmart.gov.au and Media Awareness.ca offer lessons to teach students about appropriate online practices.
Source:
http://www.cybersmart.gov.au/ (Australian Government website )
http://www.media-awareness.ca/english/resources/educational/lessons/secondary/cyberbullying/cyberbullying_behaviour.cfm

Cybersmart has a tool which can be downloaded  called the Cyber Safety Help Button. This tool can be downloaded for free onto your child's computer desktop and if the child finds them self in a situation they aren't comfortable with they can access immediate help and advice. The three aspects of help provided are:
  1. access to a counsellor to discuss their concerns relating to cyberbullying
  2. option to report inappropriate contact, cyberbullying, offensive materials, scams or fraud
  3. access to tips on how to stay safe online
Website: http://www.dbcde.gov.au/online_safety_and_security/cybersafetyhelpbutton_download/questions_and_answers#1

The other aspect of ethical  behaviour is the concept of legality.  Teachers and students need to be aware of their legal responsibilities when using material produced by other people (copyright and/or creative commons) or when downloading images of children. 

Copyright and creative commons are discussed further in this reflection so we will focus on the reproduction of students images. Privacy laws protect children under 18 years of age from having their image posted online without the written permission of their parent or guardian.
This is relevant for teachers wishing to post photos of students participation in excursion or for students who wish to upload a photo of themselves, their friends or siblings.

Source: http://www.aifs.gov.au/nch/pubs/sheets/rs18/rs18.html

At the heart of any learning environment involving ICTs is the crucial aspect of considering our own ethical, legal and safe practices and teaching these important skills to our students. In my opinion, students should not be allowed access to online technology until this component is first taught.

Exploring technology
Please use the following links to access the postings relevant to this assessment.
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Wiki Activities from Weeks 1 & 2:
During the first two weeks we learnt about incorporating technology with learning design. As a group we worked on our class Wiki using two different thinking strategies.

Reflecting on De Bono’s Six Thinking Hats Wiki. http://lynbid.blogspot.com/2011/08/de-bonos-hats.html

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Group 1 ICT tools:

The first ICT tools we learnt about were Blogs and Wikis which we developed in class. I did get a little confused about the difference between Blogs and Wikis as they both appeared to have similar uses.
Wikis are great for learning that involves shared knowledge.

This is an example of a http://lynbid.wikispaces.com/Interactive+Technology Wiki entry where a PMI was used to determine the effectiveness of the intended website.
Although this example was completed by me personally, the value of using a PMI in a Wiki for class involvement is evident. Each student can contribute their ideas and knowledge then explain, hypothesise and interpret the data to solve problems and develop new understandings from different perspectives. The use of technology has the potential for supporting and encouraging higher order thinking as the teacher can create activities and environments in which the students can become the producers of knowledge. (Department of Education, The State of Queensland , 2002)  

Wikis can be used for other thinking strategies such as KWLs, Think, Share, Pair, Y charts, DeBono’s Hats and SWOTs.
The ICT tool from Group One that gave me the most satisfaction was the development of an example Class Blog http://mrsbidgoodsvirtualclassroom.blogspot.com/ .

Using the Blog tool I developed a “pretend” classroom environment where the students and their families had access to a shared Blog. Developing this site enabled me to think critically about what needed to be considered if I was creating one for real.
I thought about the legal, ethical and safety measures that needed to be considered.

·         Rules would need to be set out prior to the site being shared with the students and families.

·         Passwords could be changed monthly to ensure the site remains private to the school and class families only.

·         The students could do a verbal and written course on safe, ethical and legal online behaviour and be awarded a certificate prior to being given access to the site.

·         The inclusion of links to Cyber Safety Awareness websites should be included as a constant reminder of appropriate online behaviour.

·         These behaviours would be regularly reiterated to the students using scenarios and  role-play.

·         Use of students names on the site would need to be approved by the parents.

·         I envisage the use of surnames, identifying information and personal details would not be appropriate.

·         Photos of students would need not only parental written permission but also in-depth evaluation of the purpose, the content, the value and necessity. I.e. Could photos of completed work without the students image be used?
I have identified the uses and benefits of a class blog on the site http://mrsbidgoodsvirtualclassroom.blogspot.com/and demonstrated some of the ICT tools that could be used on a class Blog site.

I feel a SWOT analysis would be a great thinking strategy to use when planning the development of a class Blog and could be contributed to by the teacher, students and the families to get a greater perspective. (Frangenheim, 2010)
If I was doing a SWOT analysis of the effectiveness of a class Blog , under weaknesses would be the possibility that some students may not have access to the Internet at home. Opportunities for these students to access a computer within the school would be required and consideration about information for their parents being provided in ways other than by the Internet would need to be addressed.
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Group 2 ICT tools:

For Group 2 we looked at Multimedia. The world of Creative Commons and copyright were explored in this week.
n Australia we have copyright laws which protect the creative products of individuals and groups, and although the Act is dated 1968 it is regularly amended to accommodate new advances in technology. (Source: www.copyright.org.au)  Copyright gives the producer of the material exclusive ownership and requires other people to gain permission to use the material.

“Creative Commons licenses provide simple, standardised alternatives to the “all rights reserved” paradigm of traditional copyright.” (Source: http://creativecommons.org/)
Information, audio, video  and images produced under a creative commons licence can be re-used by others with consideration of the attribution. Sites like Flickr, Artist Server,  CCMixer, Blip TV, Jamendo provide access to materials under a creative commons licence but I have found the best way to find material under a creative commons licence is to do a Google Advanced Search using words such as   “ images, pictures, photos, creative commons".
My blog posting for Group 2 is my attempt at filming a video using a Flip video and posting it to Youtube then downloading it to my Blog. http://lynbid.blogspot.com/2011/08/youtube-flip-and-blogging-partners-in.html

The outcome of this exercise was that I was able to complete the task to a amateurish degree but it did provoke my thinking about the value of the tool I had produced. For students to develop higher order thinking skills there needs to be  opportunities for them to contribute to their learning and not be subjected to predetermined knowledge. (Department of Education, The State of Queensland , 2002)
A way to change my “Press Here” tool would be to use it as an example for students to think about producing their own instructional story.  They could brainstorm “If I do this, what would happen?” or “What actions, illustrations and storyline would best explains colours, shapes or numbers?”

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Group 3 Technologies:
Group 3 technologies covered ICT tools like Glogster, Prezi and PowerPoint and I of course tried them all.

Using a story I wrote myself I made a PowerPoint presentation which could be used to teach literacy by having the students come to the whiteboard to identify nouns, verbs and adjectives. By projecting the slide show onto the whiteboard the students could cross out and change adjectives to show how different words make different meanings.
My attempt at Prezi was on Technology in the Classroom and did not get posted to my Blog as I felt it was not suitable for the early childhood students that I am currently concentrating. I believe Prezi could be used by older students to explore, explain and demonstrate their knowledge on specific topics. Prezi was time consuming and would best be developed by brainstorming first on paper or the whiteboard then when you have all your information you would create the Prezi.

My example of using Glogster on my Blog is aimed at Early Childhood http://lynbid.blogspot.com/2011/08/im-now-glog-star.html. This particular Glogster would not be one I would use in a class as it was developed to show the features of a Glogster more than the educational value of the tool.
 A Glogster is an interactive poster that could be used to provoke the students’ problem solving, inquiry, investigation and analysis skills by providing them a starting point to engage in higher order thinking.
The value of Glogster would be to capture the students attention though the use of pictures, text and animations. More thought would be needed to produce a Glogster that would help students develop complex reasoning processes.  The complex reasoning skills identified in the Australian curriculum fit within the context of Dimension 4- Use Knowledge Meaningfully. (Manzano & Pickering, 1997). Decision making, problem solving, investigation and analysis are all vital aspects of any ICT lesson.
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Group 4 Technologies:

The final group included animations, simulations, Google Earth, Google Maps, Zooburst, Online Timelines and many more. These are many of the ICT tools I used in my “Virtual Classroom” Blog. I found Zooburst  http://mrsbidgoodsvirtualclassroom.blogspot.com/p/our-excursion-pop-up-books.html to be a fun tool that could be easily used by students. I made two quick pop up books to demonstrate the  possible end product that could be produced by students but I found the process to be quick and easy using the pictures available on the site.
I also used Scribble Maps http://mrsbidgoodsvirtualclassroom.blogspot.com/2011/08/scribble-maps.html    and Voki http://mrsbidgoodsvirtualclassroom.blogspot.com/ to demonstrate their uses both in a classroom and on a class blog to motivate and engage learners.
The inclusion of Voki on my Blog was an early attempt at adding gadgets.  A quick search on Youtube provided me with the instructions I needed to complete this task. One technological tool helping another. http://lynbid.blogspot.com/2011/07/playing-around-with-voki.html

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In closing, the benefits of digital technology in learning is indisputable.  The commencement of this new era of knowledge means our learning managers need to embrace the world of technology in which our learners are so comfortable. Ensuring the learning opportunities are valuable and relevant is an ongoing task which is simplified through consideration of pedagogical strategies and learning theories that underpin the learning environment.   

The term ‘connectivism’ is used to describe the principles of random interconnecting networks and complex self-organisation theories being explored simultaneously. (O'Neill & Knight, 2007)

For me, this confirms my understanding that the Internet, although a fun and interesting tool, can not be considered  as educational, unless a holistic approach is undertaken which includes the curriculum, students learning styles, relevant learning theories, pedagogical strategies of SWOT, PMI, Y charts, Think, Pair, Share and KWLs  and ethical, legal and safe online practices.



Reference List

 Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority. (2010). The Australian Curriculum. Sydney, NSW: Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority.

Bobis, J. (2010). Teachers as Learners. In R. Ewing, T. Lowrie, & J. Higgs, Teaching and Communicating: Rethinking Professional Experiences (pp. 42 - 50). Sydney, NSW: Oxford University Press .

Department of Education, The State of Queensland . (2002, ). A guide to Productive Pedagogies: Classroom reflection manual. Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Frangenheim, E. (2010). Reflections on classroom thinking strategies. Loganholme, Qld: Rodin Educational Publishing.

Manzano, R. J., & Pickering, D. J. (1997). Dimensions of learning teacher's manual (2nd ed.). Denver, Colorado: Mid-continent Research for Education and Learning.

O'Neill, P., & Knight, B. (2007). Chapter Six: E-learning: a catalyst for a futures orientation. In R. Smith, D. Lynch, & B. A. Knight, Learning Management: Transitioning Teachers for National and International Change (pp. 44 - 56). Frenchs Forest, NSW: Pearson Education Australia.


Friday, 19 August 2011

Classroom Blog Example

Mrs Bidgood's Virtual Classroom

During my Embedded Professional Learning (EPL) placement at a school, my Mentor Teacher told me about a student who was on holidays with his family and the class were interacting with him via their blog.
Between the new knowledge I was developing in my Managing e-Learning course and the class's interest in technological tools within their learning environment I decided to develop a "pretend" classroom blog to demonstrate the many uses and benefits of having a blog specifically for a class.

The benfits:
  • Meeting the needs of our "knowledge era" learners.
  • Meeting the requirements for technology based learning within the National Curriculum.
  • Links students home and school lives.
  • Informs parents and families of current events in the classroom.
  • Students are able to use technology at home which makes doing homework a lot more fun.
  • Generates new and interesting understanding.
  • Develops creativity, imagination and innovation (Art Costa's Habits of Mind)
  • Students are able to try new things and demonstrate them to peers (HOM)
  • Students can work indepentently or inteerdependently depending on the task. (HOM)
  • Enables students to strivve for accuracy as they research, compare and evaluate information . (Higher Order Thinking).
  • The internet and technology is an awesome phenomena that provides so many opportunities for different leanring styles. The teacher is able to taylor leanring by asigning tasks that accomodate the needs and interets of the students.
The uses:
The world of technology is scary yet exhilarating. There are so many possibilities but also so many issues to consider - cyber safety and copyright in particular.

It all comes down to being well informed, careful and knowing the rules. As future teachers we need  to not only pass on our enthusiasm for technology but also the knowledge of how to stay safe and protect ourselves in this 21st century phenomena that is the world wide web.
Happy surfing!!!

Monday, 15 August 2011

I'm now a Glog STAR!

After several attempts at making a Glogster I have finally produced one I feel confident in sharing.

Starting with a blank template I added a background, then uploaded a Youtube clip on the Phonics Song which can be played by clicking on the arrow.
I put a heading and animated pictures then added a worksheet. Knowing that worksheets are lower order thinking I was hesitant to add one, but the worksheet was chosen to demonstrate the Glogster feature that by clicking on the worksheet you can zoom it to a larger size.


Youtube clip sourced from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QW7N64zsrs0
Worksheet sourced from: http://www.phonics.net.au/

Sunday, 14 August 2011

Read all about it..

Source: http://www.fodey.com/generators/newspaper/snippet.asp

This tool is called Fodey. You are able to generate a newspaper article and save as a jpg. file then upload to your blog as a picture.  This would be an interesting way to assign a persuasive speech  writing lesson to a class. The students could decide which  character they wish to be and write a letter stating their stance.  The final paragraph asks that submissions contain relevant research and references and not be based solely on personal opinion.

To help develop the students higher order thinking skills the teacher could write names of characters on paper and have the students draw out a role. This would ensure that the students persuasive speeches are not all one sided.  The students who need to write a persuasive speech against the use of Smartphones when they are actually for the use will need to use critical thinking as well as creative thinking as they push the limits of their knowledge as discussed in Dimensions of Learning 5. DoL 1 Attitudes and Perceptions will also be challenged with this task as the students need to consider their own attitude to undertaking a stance they don't agree with. (Manzano, R. & Pickering, D. 1997)

Saturday, 13 August 2011

Youtube, Flip and Blogging - partners in learning management

Take a Flip video camera, a storybook, Youtube and my blog. The outcome is a pretty amateurish attempt at storytelling online.  The process was not difficult but it was extremely time consuming.
My desire for perfection was outweighed by the massive headache and this is my final attempt.

Now let's consider the educational value of this endeavour. Is students watching a story being read online any better than having the story being read to them by an adult? For the effort to be worthwhile there has to be a greater benefit for the students.




Using De Bonos' Hats to consider the use of mobile phones in the classroom.

The class Wiki topic was The Use of Mobile Phones in the Classroom. This topic is great for the use of De Bono's Six Thinking Hats. The class was divided into six groups and each group was given a hat. Our group was assigned the red hat. We discussed our feelings about mobile phones in the classroom, what we liked about it and what we didn't like about it. Monique typed the comments into the class wiki as we discussed them. The more we brainstormed the more the ideas began to flow. We researched the topic and came up with other perspectives that we had not considered. With the data entered we were feeling quite proud of our contribution...  but alas...
The data we entered was lost once another group saved their data, then their data was lost when another group saved their data and on it went. Now don't despair, there are always lessons to learn even when things go wrong.

Lesson one: When you go into the wiki, what is on the site when you click 'Edit'  and your contribution will be what is saved when you finish. In other words if several people are entering data at the same time then it will only be the last person to save whose data will be displayed.  Solution: ensure you enter data one at a time and save before the next person adds their work. Also it may be a good idea to put your data in a word document so if it is lost then you aren't back to square one.

Lesson two: The concept of De Bono's Six Thinking Hats was a great choice for this topic.  The group with the black hat had to think about the negatives even if they personally didn't feel there were any and the opposite applied for the white hat group. This strategy could be used by groups or individually and it would be beneficial to ensure that in a class, different learners were assigned different coloured hats each time to  develop their higher- order thinking skills. To have to consider a topic from a perspective different to your personal opinion is of far greater benefit than always being the positive one or the negative one in the group.

In the classroom  students could be encouraged to use the thinking hats when problem solving or the concept of the hats could be used by the teacher to reference a specific skill a student demonstrates. For example if a student puts forward a new idea or shows creativity, the teacher could say "I see you are thinking with your green hat today." Or if the teacher wants a different perspective on a topic, the teacher could ask students to use their black hats.

See the link below for a PowerPoint presentation for students to help them understand De Bono's Six Thinking Hats.  Learning Managers could develop something similar for their own class.

De Bono's Hats for Kids

A Wiki, Vygotsky, PMIs and Shared Learning

Today we learnt about the value of an Expert Jigsaw- this is where different members of a group contribute their understanding and knowledge to a shared topic. The topic was Learning Theories and we all know there is a mountain of information out there in relation to this topic. For one person to sift through and make sense of the data would be a mammoth task, but as a group we were each assigned one theory or theorist to delve into then we needed to post our findings into the class Wiki.
My partner and I were assigned Vygotsky. who in my opinion, was a Russian theorist who was thinking "outside the box" well before the so called "box" was invented. 
Together Monique and I researched Vygotsky's learning theories and then we decided to focus our individual attention on three each (due to time restraints). I focused on Vygotsky's theories of Value, Knowledge and Society.
This is where the PMIs came into effect. PMIs (Plus, Minus, Interesting) get the learner to think about the topic in more depth.  It is easy to have strong positive or negative opinions on a topic but to have to consider what is good as well as what is bad helps develop higher order thinking. It is the critical thinking skills developed when we consider a topic more broadly than our our opinions.
Once we each contributed to the group wiki we were able to not only consider our own findings but we were able to read and comment on the findings our our peers who had explored other learning theories. This is where the expert jigsaw comes into play - we were each the expert on our individual segment and the pieces of information we discovered then fitted into the bigger picture (jigsaw) that was Learning Theories.
It is easy to see how this tool would be beneficial in a classroom content. Students could focus on one part of the topic which would enable them to delve deeper into it than if they had to explore the entire topic themselves. Shared learning also enables the learners to learn when they are teaching their segment to others.